A Brief History of the EU’s Gender Action Plans 2Although these four cases are not representative of all EU partner countries, they allow us to identify several patterns that characterize EU support across different political and regional contexts. Whereas the Varieties of Democracy project classifies Sri Lanka and Bosnia and Herzegovina as electoral democracies, it counts Zambia (until the recent political turnover) as an electoral autocracy and Morocco as a closed autocracy. They also represent different political contexts. 1 The four countries- Bosnia and Herzegovina, Morocco, Sri Lanka, and Zambia-were chosen to reflect regional diversity: the group encompasses countries in the EU’s immediate neighborhood and beyond. The analysis draws on the findings from four country case studies of EU and member state support for women’s political participation and leadership under the second Gender Action Plan (GAP II), written by country experts and published by the European Democracy Hub. Saskia Brechenmacher is a PhD candidate at the University of Cambridge and a fellow in Carnegie’s Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program, where her research focuses on gender, civil society, and democratic governance. It addresses the following questions: To what extent have the EU and its member states prioritized women’s political empowerment relative to other gender-equality priorities, and what has their support been in practice? Have past EU efforts effectively tackled the primary barriers to women’s equal participation and influence, and how could the EU’s engagement be improved?
To help inform the plan’s implementation process, this article looks at the past five years of EU support for women’s political participation. The third Gender Action Plan is a new opportunity for the EU to stand with advocates and reformers fighting for women’s equal political power around the world. It also weakens the legitimacy and effectiveness of democratic institutions: women bring distinct policy priorities to the table and raise the likelihood that political decisions respond to the needs of all citizens, including women and girls. Their continued marginalization violates women’s rights to equal political citizenship and representation. At the same time, women in most societies-including in the EU-remain woefully underrepresented in political decisionmaking, particularly at the highest levels. Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic fallout have deepened existing gender inequities. The EU’s renewed commitment to women’s equal political participation comes at a critical time. Just like its predecessor, the new plan highlights women’s equal political voice and participation as one of the EU’s central gender-equality priorities. To access this site you must agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.In November 2020, the European Union released its third Gender Action Plan (GAP III), which lays out how the EU should promote gender equality in its external relations over the following five years. We consider the data we process through cookies anonymous, since this information does not relate to an identified or identifiable natural person. You must also be informed that this website uses cookies to analyse web traffic and enhance site features. Knowing what your children are doing online. Turning on safe search settings while using Search Engines like Google, Bing or Yahoo Ĭonnecting addition filters on internet service provider side Using parental control filters of your device, operating systems and/or browsers More information about the RTA Label and compatible services can be found here: Īnyone with a minor in their household or under their supervision should implement basic parental control protections, including: Parental tools that are compatible with the RTA label will block access to this site.
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